Drury Law Enforcement Academy Test 2 Practice

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• Which factor is aimed at reducing excessive force lawsuits, based on standard practice?
• Seven numbers are 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17. What is the average?
• Which amendment addresses the relationship between the Federal and State governments and citizenship status?
• It is lawful for an officer to order occupants of a vehicle out of the vehicle for officer safety.
• When a juvenile has been detained in Juvenile Detention, the reports regarding this detention have to be delivered to the Juvenile Court within:
• An arrest is a physical seizure of a citizen/suspect who is not free to leave and is subject to full search incidental to arrest.
• Moving a cereal box to reveal hidden marijuana which could not otherwise be seen is considered a search and possibly requiring a search warrant.
• One way to prove the reliability of a criminal informant is for the officer to show the informant had previously provided reliable information.
• The United States Supreme Court's 'stop and clarify' approach to an ambiguous request for counsel is:
• What are common eyewitness identification concerns?
• Which of the following is NOT a best practice for identification reliability?
• Which is NOT a recommended practice in an investigative interview?
• During burglary interrogation, the suspect exercises his right to counsel; two days later you wish to question him about homicide. May you re-contact him if he has not been before the court on burglary?
• What is the open fields doctrine and how does it differ from curtilage protection?
• The only legal restriction for obtaining physical evidence from an arrested person is that the method:
• Once a defendant has appeared in court you may ask him if he wants to waive his right to an attorney only if:
• What is causation in criminal law?
• Which of the following is NOT a de-escalation technique?
• Compensatory damages are designed to punish the person who caused the damage so they would be discouraged from doing it again.
• What is the exclusionary rule?
• Inventory search of impounded vehicles requires lawful custody and a written department policy outlining procedures.
• Under Graham v. Connor, which element influences reasonableness?
• By statute, a search warrant remains valid up to 10 days, after which a new warrant should be obtained.
• If you have probable cause to arrest a suspect who is inside a residence and entry would require a warrant, what is the proper action?
• Which party bears the burden of proving that Miranda protections were followed to admit a confession?
• Personal property can be assumed abandoned if it is in the trash in a non-curtilage area.
• Distinguish an interview from an interrogation.
• The material suggests that relying solely on formal court referrals will correct juvenile behavior quickly.
• Once an affidavit is validated by a judge, it can no longer be challenged for admissibility in court because the officer is acting on assumed legality.
• The burden of proof that all of the provisions of the Miranda decision were complied with in order to admit a confession in court lies with the:
• A frisk is a quick pat-down of outer clothing to determine if a person is armed.
• What is a Miranda warning and when is it required?
• Inventory searches are conducted when a vehicle is impounded.
• A prisoner has freedom from unreasonable / arbitrary searches or seizures of person and effects.
• Seven numbers are 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 75. What is their average?
• Although not always necessary, obtaining a warrant generally makes a case stronger.
• If the driver of a motor vehicle has been arrested, all of the passengers in the motor vehicle can be searched also as part of the search incident to arrest.
• The material indicates that always using formal court referrals as the first response for juveniles is the best option.
• When consent to search is revoked, the search must cease immediately.
• Which statement best describes direct evidence vs circumstantial evidence?
• Under which circumstance would a police officer's evidence come under its closest legal scrutiny?
• The plain view doctrine does not apply when you are doing a protective sweep.
• Observation of a small baggie of marijuana in the center console during approach gives you probable cause to search.
• Which amendment is commonly associated with due process and equal protection in state actions?
• Under the Fourth Amendment, detaining a person during questioning constitutes a seizure.
• Which factors are common eyewitness identification concerns?
• Police officers should be familiar with juvenile law.
• In a lawful home disturbance scenario, if you see five car stereos on a table and you pick one up to read its serial number to determine if it is stolen, this would be a lawful plain view seizure.
• A government actor who violates a civil right in the course of official duties would face which type of tort?
• The Exclusionary Rule is the remedy for violations of Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Amendment rights.
• The plain view doctrine applies during a protective sweep.
• Which statement best describes the primary purpose of the Miranda warning?
• Interrogation, within the meaning of Miranda, occurs when an officer asks questions that are designed to elicit a self-incriminating response.
• When an inmate arranges outpatient surgery, the inmate is responsible for the charges.
• Which statement best describes a quick, protective sweep?
• The rights read to a juvenile prior to in-custody interrogation are the same as those of an adult except:
• During a frisk you feel an object in the front pants pocket not a weapon; you manipulate it and retrieve drugs. This evidence would be submitted in court under the plain feel exception.
• During a consensual encounter, after the person refuses consent to search and you frisk and find drugs, the frisk was:
• Which identification method uses sequential presentation?
• The Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution provides:
• The frisk is designed primarily to locate weapons to ensure officer safety.
• What are ethical standards for police professionalism?
• What is a search incident to arrest (SITA) and its limits after Arizona v. Gant?
• When is a Miranda warning required?
• In Missouri, an officer may sign a judge's name to a search warrant after contacting the judge by phone and meeting the same standards as in person.
• The scope of a frisk is limited to checking for weapons for officer safety.
• What is hearsay in the context of evidence?
• How are latent fingerprints collected and preserved?
• Who must be present to read the rights to a juvenile prior to interrogation?
• In a criminal trial, what is the standard of proof required to obtain a guilty verdict?
• To find the average of seven numbers, which operation is applied to the total sum?
• The prosecutor must present some evidence of the corpus delicti before a confession will be admitted into evidence.
• You detain a woman you suspect of burglaries. You tell her she is not under arrest, but you want her to come to Headquarters with you to continue the conversation. She refuses. You reassure her she will be safe and is not under arrest. You then require her to come with you in your patrol car. You do not handcuff her. Once at headquarters, you continue your conversation. What type of seizure (if any) has taken place?
• If an officer knowingly makes an unlawful arrest, he/she may be held liable both criminally and civilly.
• A written waiver of Miranda rights, while not necessary, is desirable because it is more difficult for the suspect to deny than a verbal waiver.
• For a seizure under the Plain View Doctrine, which conditions must be satisfied?
• During a lawful traffic stop, the officer may request the driver's license, registration, and proof of insurance.
• What does the plain view doctrine permit?
• Which statement is true about valid consent to search?
• What is the difference between a lineup and a photo array?
• What is the proper method for photographing a crime scene?
• Actus reus differs from mens rea in that actus reus refers to the guilty act.
• An officer should take special precautions beyond the Miranda requirements when interrogating a 17-year-old who is inexperienced with the police.
• What is a Terry stop?
• Which statement is not a valid purpose of the chain of custody?
• Circumstantial evidence is evidence which directly proves a fact in issue.
• Which statement about a privilege is correct?
• What is the Carroll doctrine and when does it apply?
• Seven numbers are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. What is the average?
• If a suspect requests counsel, what must the officers do, and when may interrogation resume?
• Under Miranda, interrogation occurs only when a suspect is questioned under oath.
• If a law enforcement officer has a felony arrest warrant for a suspect and believes the suspect is in a residence that belongs to a third party, what action should the officer take to effect the arrest?
• What is fruit of the poisonous tree doctrine?
• What are the key safety steps during a traffic stop for the officer?
• The described inventory search after non-cooperation was improper.
• The Grand Jury's responsibility in the criminal process is to decide whether to bring criminal charges or an indictment against a potential defendant.
• Which item is NOT listed as information to be reported to the juvenile officer when a juvenile is taken into custody?
• Which statement about an average is correct?
• What is the average of the four numbers 9, 12, 15, and 18?
• What is required for a search warrant to be valid?
• What is the vehicle exception to the warrant requirement?
• Wolff v. McDonnel 1974 is the landmark case that stated although prisoner's constitutional rights were lessened upon conviction, no iron curtain may be drawn between the Constitution and prisoners in this country.
• What is the average of the numbers 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, and 28?
• The examination of a person or area in order to discover evidence, contraband or weapons defines which term?
• In what situations may exigent circumstances justify a warrantless search?
• What is the difference between a warrantless search and a search warrant?
• Under what circumstances do Miranda warnings apply?
• Which of the following best defines probable cause for arrest or search?
• Under Graham v. Connor, which factor is considered when evaluating reasonableness?
• If consent to search is given, the officer may search without any further justification.
• What is the difference between probable cause to arrest and probable cause to search?
• What is DNA evidence and how is it collected?
• You arrest the driver of a car for a misdemeanor warrant. In general, you can search the trunk of the car based on the search incident to arrest exception.
• Name two common exceptions to the hearsay rule.
• Privileged relationships apply only where one party is in an adversarial role.
• An arrest warrant is a written order from which of the following?
• The purpose of the Miranda warnings is to inform a suspect of their rights, including the right to remain silent and the right to counsel.
• A police officer may use deadly force in self-defense or defense of another person when he reasonably believes that he or the other person is in imminent danger of death, serious physical injury, rape, sodomy, or kidnapping. This statement is:
• A protective sweep is limited to areas where a person might be hiding.
• Which statement about privilege is correct?
• Consent to search must be freely and voluntarily given.
• Which statement best describes the Fourth Amendment?
• The statement 'You're going to anyway' in response to a request to search a house is:
• Which statement about the Fourth Amendment is accurate?
• Abandoned personal property discovered in trash in a non-curtilage area is considered abandoned.
• Which practice improves identification reliability?
• When handling a domestic violence call, what is the recommended approach?
• The first major provision of the Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution requires that all searches and seizures of a person and/or his belongings must be reasonable.
• Seven numbers are 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14. What is their average?
• Which option is an SFST measure?
• Under post-Arizona v. Gant, which statement best describes the scope of vehicle searches incident to arrest?
• Which statement best describes the defense of premises?
• Under the Fourth Amendment, private citizens are bound by the same rules and restrictions as a police officer.
• Which method correctly computes the average of seven numbers?
• What is a protective order and how may an officer enforce it?
• The statement about the Fourth Amendment's reasonableness is that searches and seizures must be reasonable in scope and manner.
• A suspect is somewhat intoxicated but is able to understand his rights and is able to correctly answer questions about them. This suspect may be interviewed and his statement would be admissible with respect to the Miranda decision.
• The United States Supreme Court has held that a closed container, located in a motor vehicle, which would hold evidence may be searched without a warrant as long as probable cause exists.
• Which of the following is a core ethical standard for police professionalism?
• If a suspect has invoked the right to counsel during questioning on one charge, may investigators re-contact him later to question about a different charge while he remains jailed?
• What does concurrence mean in criminal liability?
• Which statement best defines probable cause to arrest?
• What should be included in a scene safety briefing at the start of an assignment?
• "Curtilage" is defined as the grounds and buildings immediately surrounding a house or other living space which are commonly used for family and/or other home life activities.
• Prison officials received information from an inmate that another prisoner is concealing marijuana in his cell's toilet. Accordingly, the superintendent at the facility orders a search of the cell and a quarter ounce of the substance was recovered. The search was legal by the prison officials?
• How does probable cause differ from reasonable suspicion?
• Which statement correctly describes chain of custody?
• What is the open fields doctrine regarding Fourth Amendment protections?
• Which item is NOT considered a basic crime scene processing step?
• An inmate has developed carpal tunnel syndrome from activities unrelated to his incarceration, while awaiting trial for burglary charges. He contacts a surgeon in Greene County who agrees to perform the operation on an out-patient basis for 3,000 dollars. The inmate (not the jail) is responsible for the charges for this operation.
• What is the good-faith exception to the exclusionary rule?
• A plain view seizure may be valid if the item is readily apparent as contraband.
• Open fields can be searched because there is "no reasonable expectation of privacy" and therefore do not fall under the protection of the 4th Amendment.
• Define reasonable suspicion.
• If an officer is peering through an open doorway from a location the officer is legally allowed to occupy, this satisfies the plain view requirement.
• The Motor Vehicle Exception allows the search of a motor vehicle without a search warrant, so long as probable cause exists and the vehicle is mobile or capable of being moved.
• What is the purpose of a police incident report?
• What is the difference between relevance and admissibility in evidence?
• What describes DNA evidence and its collection?
• Seven items have costs that total 210. What is the average cost per item?
• What does field sobriety testing measure?
• What is the purpose of the 6th Amendment right to counsel in interrogations?
• Which standard generally governs an arrest in a public place?
• Which description correctly defines the average of a data set?
• The search of a prison cell ordered by the superintendent after information from an inmate that a prisoner is concealing marijuana resulted in a quarter ounce of marijuana being recovered. The search was legal by the prison officials?
• Unless the officer leaves due to a bona-fide emergency, a new warrant should be obtained when officers leave the scene during the execution of a warrant, prior to re-entering the premises.
• In Missouri, signing a judge's name to a search warrant by phone is not permitted, even if the judge's standards are met.
• What is the primary purpose of compensatory damages in tort law?
• When is the right to counsel under Miranda invoked?
• You are investigating a misdemeanor assault between two neighbors. You speak with Matt who says he was pushed by Darren and wants to pursue charges. Independent witnesses confirm what Matt has told you. You walk over to Darren's house to speak with him. You have probable cause to arrest Darren for the assault. You notice the front door is wide open. While standing on the porch you see a man sitting on the couch who says his name is Darren. He admits he pushed Matt. When you ask him to come outside he refuses. You ask to come in and he refuses. Your next action would be:
• A written waiver of Miranda rights is desirable because it is more difficult for the suspect to deny than a verbal waiver.
• What is chain of custody?
• An officer would be sued for 'negligent tort' if he intentionally deprives someone of their civil rights.
• Chimel Circle area is the area within the arrested person's immediate control and can be searched incident to arrest.
• Without other probable cause, the interior passenger compartment of a motor vehicle cannot be searched incident to arrest if the driver has been arrested for a crime while driving that motor vehicle.
• If a suspect is somewhat intoxicated but able to understand his rights, the statement would be inadmissible.
• In what situations may valid consent to search be given?
• What is a protective sweep and when is it permissible?
• A motion to suppress is a request by the defense to the judge for a hearing to eliminate evidence from trial on the belief that it was obtained or handled unlawfully.
• A confession may be obtained by threats of force, but not by actual physical force.
• A suspect's rights under what amendment to the U.S. Constitution are protected by the Miranda decision?
• A roadblock which is not clearly visible or which does not allow adequate distance to stop could be determined to be excessive use of force.
• When a juvenile has been taken into custody, the information that must be reported to the juvenile officer includes the juvenile's name, address and the reason for taking the juvenile into custody.
• Consent to search must be voluntary and given without coercion.
• During a post Miranda interview, when the suspect states that he does not want to answer a question about his accomplice, what should you do?
• In dealing with juveniles, the best option is to always use the formal court referral option so the problem the juvenile is having will be adequately documented and this process will correct the behavior of the juvenile in the quickest amount of time.
• For a frisk to be legal, there must be a lawful stop or contact and a weapon must be seen by the officer.
• Which condition is correct regarding roadblocks and potential excessive use of force?
• What happens next in the criminal process after a crime occurs and probable cause for an arrest is developed?
• If seven numbers sum to 175, what is their average?
• What step comes after building rapport in an investigative interview?
• By statute in Missouri a search warrant remains valid up to _____ days.
• The Fourth Amendment protects from unreasonable searches and seizures by the government.
• Which term denotes the guilty mental state or intent?
• What are basic crime scene processing steps?
• You arrest a suspect for a drug violation. He is sitting in a living room chair. You see drugs on top of the big screen television near the exit door, but across the room. You should:
• What is the purpose of fingerprint analysis in investigations?
• In criminal causation, which statement is correct?
• A juvenile has been certified in an adult court for one crime. This same juvenile then commits a new and different felony, He/she must be treated as a juvenile for this new crime.
• A person is justified in using non-deadly force in defense of premises in which he is lawfully present, or in possession or control, to prevent or terminate an unlawful intrusion on the premises. This statement is:
• In the scenario described, John's continued punching after Tom had fallen and tried to run away is:
• A set of seven test scores is 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100. What is the average score?
• Open fields can be searched because there is no reasonable expectation of privacy and therefore do not fall under the protection of the 4th Amendment.
• Define probable cause for arrest or search.
• The use-of-force continuum describes what?
• Under which condition should an officer conclude that a suspect has NOT waived his Miranda rights?
• When interrogating a 17-year-old, it is recommended to take special precautions beyond the Miranda requirements.
• Under what condition may a police officer use deadly force?
• What is the average of the seven numbers 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70?
• If seven numbers have a total sum of 350, what is their average?
• To help avoid a potential lawsuit for excessive force, what is a key protective practice?
• What is curtilage and why is it protected?
• The motor vehicle exception requires which combination for it to apply?
• The 14th Amendment addresses the relationship between the Federal and State governments, and states that citizenship is rooted in the Federal government first.
• An ambiguous response to a "knock and announce" during the execution of a warrant should be treated the same as
• Which statement about admissible evidence is correct?
• Under the Motor Vehicle Exception, the officer may search every part of the vehicle and it's contents, which might conceal the object of the search.
• Under the motor vehicle exception, the search can extend to any part of the vehicle and its contents.
• Which statement about probable cause to search is accurate?
• Which component is essential when photographing a crime scene to aid later analysis?
• Which term refers to the guilty act in criminal liability?
• The Exclusionary Rule is the remedy for violations of rights under which amendments?
• In order to arrest a person in a public place, an officer does not need to have probable cause nor an arrest warrant to effect the arrest.
• Chimel Circle area is within the arrested person's immediate control.